Forthcoming Articles

 

 

Regional sentiment indices and their association with timely indicators of economic activity in Mexico 2016-2021

Leonardo E. Torre

Facultad de Economía UANL y Banco de México

 

Eva E. González

Banco de México

 

Luis R. Casillas

Banco de México

 

Jorge A. Alvarado

Banco de México

 

Keywords: sentiment analysis, neural networks, regional analysis, Mexico.

JEL Classification: C45, R11, R15.

Abstract

We estimate sentiment indexes at the regional and national level using text data obtained from the Programa Trimestral de Entrevistas a Directivos del Banco de México, used to elaborate the Report on the Regional Economies, regarding the factors that the interviewed consider affected, affect, or could affect economic activity in their sector o state. Using text data from those quarterly interviews performed from January 2016 to January 2021, we associate these indexes with different indicators, hard and soft, of regional and national economic activity published by INEGI, and obtain positive and statistically significant correlations among the sentiment indexes and some economic activity indicators. Since the sentiment indexes can be estimated relatively faster than most of the traditional economic indicators analyzed, this paper outlines the relevance of the text data contained in the Programa Trimestral de Entrevistas a Directivos to supplement the information offered by the latter indexes.

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Skills sought by companies in the Mexican labor market: An analysis of online job vacancies

Raymundo M. Campos-Vazquez

El Colegio de México

 

Julio César Martínez Sánchez

El Colegio de México

 

Keywords: skills, labor market, digital data.

JEL Classification: J21, J23, J71.

Abstract

The hiring requirements set by companies extend beyond academic qualifications. Now, candidates are expected to seamlessly integrate into teams, solve problems, and communicate effectively with their peers. Analyzing 646,036 online job openings in Mexico (August 2021- June 2022), we found that social (26%) and cognitive (22%) skills are the most sought after. Moreover, when higher education is paired with cognitive skills, companies offer a 6% higher salary. Additionally, when job listings specify gender, the salary proposed to women is 12% lower than that for men. These insights suggest the necessity to modernize the educational system and cultivate the skills employer’s demand.

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The quality of human capital and Mexico's economic growth

Juan Manuel Ocegueda

Universidad Autónoma de Baja California

Facultad de Economía y Relaciones Internacionales

 

Marco Tulio Ocegueda

Universidad Autónoma de Baja California

Facultad de Economía y Relaciones Internacionales

 

Keywords: economic growth, human capital, quality of education, analysis by state, panel data.

JEL Classification: I25, O47, R11.

Abstract

The relationship between human capital and economic growth in Mexico is analyzed using panel data by states. The effects of schooling are measured by educational level and controlled for differences in the quality of human capital with two alternative variables: the PISA exam score in mathematics and the added value attributable to human capital within total salaries. It is concluded that the discrepancies in the quality of human capital and the differentiated advances in higher education enrolment rate, determined that the educational effort of the last two decades had disparate regional effects on economic growth.

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Labor productivity and remuneration across Mexico's manufacturing industry: A spatial approach

Enrique González

Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe

 

Jesús López

Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe

 

René Cabral

EGADE Business School, Tecnológico de Monterrey

 

Keywords: manufacturing productivity labor, spatial econometrics, spillover effects.

JEL Classification: O40, R11, C21.

Abstract

This document investigates the relationship between wages and labor productivity in Mexico, considering the territorial dimension and, within it, the impact that the productivity of neighboring entities has on local wages, given the geographical proximity. Results show that an increase in labor productivity impacts remuneration. Moreover, an increase in productivity in a particular state positively impacts the remunerations of neighboring states. The results allow us to understand that territorial productivity has a spillover effect on the remunerations of neighboring territories.

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Social pressure in decision making: home advantage in Mexican football

César Velázquez Guadarrama

Universidad Iberoamericana

 

Juan Martín Hernández Velázquez

Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía

 

Keywords: home advantage, social pressure, referee bias, Mexican football.

JEL Classification: Z20, Z21, L83, D91.

Abstract

One of the explanations for the home advantage in football is the social pressure that the public exerts on players and referees. In this context, the objective of this work is to study the determinants of this fact in Mexican football. The results show that crowd support does not affect the advantage of playing at home. The referees do respond to social pressure by showing a greater number of yellow cards, but for both teams, eliminating any bias in favor of the home team. These results are contrary to what has been found in the European leagues.