The NAIRU and informality in the Mexican labor market

Authors

  • Ana María Aguilar Argaez Bank for International Settlements and Banco de México
  • Carlo Alcaraz Banco de México
  • Claudia Ramírez Banco de México
  • Cid Alonso Rodríguez Pérez Banco de México

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24201/ee.v36i1.417

Keywords:

unemployment, informality, business cycle

Abstract

The non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) is not directly observable and the presence of informal workers imposes an additional challenge in its estimation. In this paper, we present an estimation of the traditional NAIRU for Mexico and an alternative measure that includes informality as an indicator of labor underutilization. We find that both measures of NAIRU and the associated labor market slack indicators follow similar patterns over time. However, the slack estimated with the indicator that includes informality seems to predict inflationary pressures more accurately when the unemployment gap is close to zero.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Alcaraz, C. 2009. Informal and formal labour flexibility in Mexico, Desarrollo y Sociedad, 63: 115-143.

Alcaraz, C., D. Chiquiar, and A. Salcedo. 2015. Informality and segmentation in the Mexican labor market, Documento de Investigación No. 2015-25, Banco de México.

Bai, J. and P. Perron. 2003. Computation and analysis of multiple structural change models, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 18(1): 1-22.

Banco de México. 2008. Quarterly Report 2008Q1.

Banco de México. 2009. Informe sobre la inflación, Abril-Junio 2009.

Banco de México. 2012. Quarterly Report 2012Q4.

Banco de México. 2016. Quarterly Report 2016Q4.

Chiquiar, C. and M. Ramos-Francia. 1999. Desempleo y subempleo: opciones de política laboral, in F. Solís Soberón and F. Alejandro Villagómez (eds.), La Seguridad Social en México, Mexico City, Fondo de Cultura Económica.

Esfahani, H.S. and D. Salehi-Isfahani. 1989. Effort observability and worker productivity: Toward an explanation of economic dualism, Economic Journal, 99(39): 818-836.

Fajnzylber, P. and W. Maloney. 2007. Micro-firm dynamics and informality, in G.E. Perry, W.F. Maloney, O.S. Arias, P. Fajnzylber, A.D. Mason, and J. Saavedra-Chandunvi (eds.), Informality: Exit or Exclusion?, Washington, D.C., World Bank.

Federal Labor Law, https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/156203/1044_Ley_Federal_del_Trabajo.pdf.

Fiess, N.M., M. Fugazza, and W.F. Maloney. 2010. Informal self-employment and macroeconomic fluctuations, Journal of Development Economics, 91(2): 211-226.

Gasparini, L. and L. Tornarolli. 2009. Labor informality in Latin America and the Caribbean: Patterns and trends from household survey microdata, Desarrollo y Sociedad, 63: 13-80.

Gordon, R.J. 1997. The time-varying NAIRU and its implications for economic policy, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(1): 11-32.

Hamilton, J.D. 1986. A standard error for the estimated state vector of a state space model, Journal of Econometrics, 33: 387-397.

Hansen, P.R., A. Lunde, and J.M. Nason. 2011. The model confidence set, Econometrica, 79(2): 453-497.

Hodrick, R.J. and E. Prescott. 1997. Postwar U.S. business cycles: An empirical investigation, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 29(1): 1-16.

ILO. 2003. Seventeenth international conference of labour statisticians, Geneva, International Labour Office.

INEGI. 2016. Encuesta nacional de ocupación y empleo (ENOE), Mexico.

Laubach, T. 2001. Measuring NAIRU: Evidence from seven economies, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 83(2): 218-231.

Maloney, W. 1999. Does informality imply segmentation in urban labor markets? Evidence from sectoral transitions in Mexico, The World Bank Economic Review, 13(2): 275-302.

Meghir, C., R. Narita, and J.M. Robin. 2015. Wages and informality in developing countries, American Economic Review, 105(4): 1509-1546.

Perry, G., W. Maloney, O. Arias, P. Fajnzylber, A. Mason, and J. Saavedra-Chanduvi. 2007. Informality: Exit and Exclusion, Washington D.C., World Bank.

Peterson, P. 2014. Impacto del ciclo económico sobre las horas trabajadas en el sector formal e informal en México, Tesis de Licenciatura, ITAM.

Restrepo, J.L. 2008. Estimaciones de la NAIRU para Chile, Economía Chilena, 11(2): 31-46.

Staiger, D., J.H. Stock, and M.W. Watson. 1997a. How precise are estimates of the natural rate of unemployment in reducing inflation?, in C.D. Romer and D.H. Romer (eds.), Reducing Inflation: Motivation and Strategy, Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

Staiger, D., J.H. Stock, and M.W. Watson. 1997b. The NAIRU, unemployment and monetary policy, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(1): 33-49.

St-Amant, P. and S. Van Norden. 1997. Measurement of the output gap: A discussion of recent research at the Bank of Canada, Technical Reports No. 79, Bank of Canada.

Stock, J. 1994. Unit roots, structural breaks and trends, in R. Enge and D. McFadden (eds.), Handbook of Econometrics, Vol. 4, 2739-2841, Elsevier.

Downloads

Published

2021-01-14

How to Cite

Aguilar Argaez, A. M., Alcaraz, C., Ramírez, C., & Rodríguez Pérez, C. A. (2021). The NAIRU and informality in the Mexican labor market. Estudios Económicos De El Colegio De México, 36(1), 177–230. https://doi.org/10.24201/ee.v36i1.417